Ittehad Chemicals

Until this time the unit was well known in industry circles as United Chemicals before being nationalized and renamed as Ittehad Chemicals by the Government and being put under control of the Federal Chemical and Ceramics Corporation Limited (FPCCL). Another Unit, Insecticide Pakistan Ltd., also after nationalization in 1973 and renaming as Ittehad Pesticides Ltd., was later on merged into Ittehad Chemicals Limited. In 1983, the production capacity of Ittehad Chemicals was further increased to 150 MT/day of Caustic Soda and 135 MT/day of Chlorine.

After encountering turbulence through the nationalization phase, Ittehad Chemicals was ultimately privatized in July 1995, with the Management having been taken over by the Chemi Group of Industries. This transition brought with it a new set of challenges, a bold vision and a transformational proactive behavior at the workplace to set in motion a new era of growth and stability.

The present product line includes Caustic Soda (Solid, Liquid and Flakes), Liquid Chlorine, Hydrochloric Acid, Sodium Hypochlorite (Liquid Bleach), Zinc Sulphate Mono, Bleaching Earth (Shaffaf), Sulphuric Acid and Lime, for industrial use.

From a feeble business unit to a robust manufacturing enterprise, the pioneering vision of the Chemi Group of Industries continues to take Ittehad Chemicals to new levels of achievement and success. Success that has evolved from a deep understanding of the business, diversity of enterprise, magnitude of the human skills, and a will to forge ahead with new challenges and objectives in mind.

From Esso to Engro


Search for oil by Pak Stanvac, an Esso/Mobil joint venture in 1957, led to the discovery
of Mari gas field situated near Daharki -- a small town in upper Sindh province. Esso
was the first to study this development in detail and propose the establishment of a urea
plant in that area.
The proposal was approved by the government in 1964, which led to a fertilizer plant agreement signed in December that year. Subsequently in 1965, the Esso Pakistan Fertilizer Company Limited was incorporated, with 75% of the shares owned by Esso and 25% by the general public. The construction of a urea plant commenced at Daharki the following year with the annual capacity of 173,000 tons and production commenced in 1968. At US $ 43 million, it was the single largest foreign investment by an MNC in the country.

A full-fledged marketing organization was established which undertook agronomic programs to educate the farmers of Pakistan. As the nation’s first fertilizer brand, Engro (then Esso) helped modernize traditional farming practices to boost farm yields, directly impacting the quality of life not only for farmers and their families, but for the community at large. As a result of these efforts, consumption of fertilizers increased in Pakistan, paving the way for the Company’s branded urea called "Engro", an acronym for "Energy for Growth".

As part of an international name change program, Esso became Exxon in 1978 and the company was renamed Exxon Chemical Pakistan Limited. The company continued to prosper as it relentlessly pursued productivity gains and strived to attain professional excellence.

In 1991, Exxon decided to divest its fertilizer business on a global basis. The employees of Exxon Chemical Pakistan Limited, in partnership with leading international and local financial institutions bought out Exxon’s 75 percent equity. This was at the time and perhaps still is the most successful employee buy-out in the corporate history of Pakistan. Renamed as Engro Chemical Pakistan Limited, the Company has gone from strength to strength, reflected in its consistent financial performance, growth of the core fertilizer business and diversification into other fields.

Investment in people, process solutions and resource conservation initiatives have reduced energy use per ton of urea by a third, whilst increasing urea production nearly six-fold since 1968. Not only does this save money, it stretches non-renewable energy sources and mitigates the impact of waste. Along the way, a major milestone in plant capacity upgrade coincided with the employee led buy-out; innovatively optimizing our resources, Engro re-located fertilizer manufacturing plants from the UK and US to its Daharki plant site – an international first. Our pioneering spirit continues in our social investments, exemplified by the only snake-bite treatment facility in the Ghotki region and the first telemedicine intervention in the country.

A&N Corporation


A&N Corporation, manufacturer of high vacuum components since 1965, offers researchers and laboratories an extensive line of standard high and ultra high vacuum components, as well as custom valves and process chambers.

A&N products are designed to meet or exceed the standards required by industrial and academic users, such as those involved with thin film deposition, surface analysis, laser devices, cryogenics and the aerospace industry.

This website was designed to help you locate and order the high vacuum components you need quickly and easily. Some of the website's features include:

Chemical industry


The chemical industry comprises the companies that produce industrial chemicals. It is central to modern world economy, converting raw materials (oil, natural gas, air, water, metals, minerals) into more than 70,000 different products.

Polymers and plastics, especially polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene and polycarbonate comprise about 80% of the industry’s output worldwide.[citation needed] Chemicals are used to make a wide variety of consumer goods, as well as thousands inputs to agriculture, manufacturing, construction, and service industries. The chemical industry itself consumes 26 percent of its own output.[citation needed] Major industrial customers include rubber and plastic products, textiles, apparel, petroleum refining, pulp and paper, and primary metals. Chemicals is nearly a $3 trillion global enterprise, and the EU and U.S. chemical companies are the world's largest producers.

Sales of the chemical business can be divided into a few broad categories, including basic chemicals (about 35 to 37 percent of the dollar output), life sciences (30 percent), specialty chemicals (20 to 25 percent) and consumer products (about 10 percent).[citation needed]

Basic chemicals, or "commodity chemicals" are a broad chemical category including polymers, bulk petrochemicals and intermediates, other derivatives and basic industrials, inorganic chemicals, and fertilizers. Typical growth rates for basic chemicals are about 0.5 to 0.7 times GDP. Product prices are generally less than fifty cents per pound. Polymers, the largest revenue segment at about 33 percent of the basic chemicals dollar value, includes all categories of plastics and man-made fibers. The major markets for plastics are packaging, followed by home construction, containers, appliances, pipe, transportation, toys, and games. The largest-volume polymer product, polyethylene (PE), is used mainly in packaging films and other markets such as milk bottles, containers, and pipe. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), another large-volume product, is principally used to make pipe for construction markets as well as siding and, to a much smaller extent, transportation and packaging materials. Polypropylene (PP), similar in volume to PVC, is used in markets ranging from packaging, appliances, and containers to clothing and carpeting. Polystyrene (PS), another large-volume plastic, is used principally for appliances and packaging as well as toys and recreation. The leading man-made fibers include polyester, nylon, polypropylene, and acrylics, with applications including apparel, home furnishings, and other industrial and consumer use. The principal raw materials for polymers are bulk petrochemicals.

Chemicals in the bulk petrochemicals and intermediates are primarily made from liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), natural gas, and crude oil. Their sales volume is close to 30 percent of overall basic chemicals. Typical large-volume products include ethylene, propylene, benzene, toluene, xylenes, methanol, vinyl chloride monomer (VCM), styrene, butadiene, and ethylene oxide. These chemicals are the starting points for most polymers and other organic chemicals as well as much of the specialty chemicals category.

Other derivatives and basic industrials include synthetic rubber, surfactants, dyes and pigments, turpentine, resins, carbon black, explosives, and rubber products and contribute about 20 percent of the basic chemicals' external sales. Inorganic chemicals (about 12 percent of the revenue output) make up the oldest of the chemical categories. Products include salt, chlorine, caustic soda, soda ash, acids (such as nitric, phosphoric, and sulfuric), titanium dioxide, and hydrogen peroxide. Fertilizers are the smallest category (about 6 percent) and include phosphates, ammonia, and potash chemicals.

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